I was looking at my carb and was wondering what the hose barb marked on the picture is for.

 

That one goes to the charcoal canister near the firewall.

 

Yup^^^ fuel bowl vent

 

And the charcoal canister is part of cali emissions?

 

there are 3 different versions of emissions equipment:
California
Federal
Canada


each one for the 22R IS A BIT DIFFERENT, you can google the emissions diagrams, I know for my model CA emissions the port your talking about went to the charcoal canister on passenger side close to radiator and I had another one by my firewall.